Shear



GRE Barron TOEFL 考研

解释

GRE 红宝书

• v.剪 ( 羊毛) , 剪发
• ［英］ v.剪 ( 羊毛) , 剪发 ( to cut off the hair from)
• ［记］ 分割记忆: she＋ear ( 她的耳朵) -> 把耳朵边上的头发剪掉 -> 剪发
• ［同］ 派生词: shears （n.大剪刀)

Webster Collegiate

I. verb (sheared; sheared or shorn; shearing)

• Etymology: Middle English sheren, from Old English scieran; akin to Old Norse skera to cut, Latin curtus mutilated, curtailed, Greek keirein to cut, shear, Sanskrit k?nāti he injures
• Date: before 12th century
• transitive verb
  • 1.
    • a. to cut off the hair from <with crown shorn>
    • b. to cut or clip (as hair or wool) from someone or something; also to cut something from <shear a lawn>
    • c. chiefly Scottish to reap with a sickle
    • d. to cut or trim with shears or a similar instrument
  • 2. to cut with something sharp
  • 3. to deprive of something as if by cutting <lives shorn of any hope — M. W. Browne>
  • 4.
    • a. to subject to a shear force
    • b. to cause (as a rock mass) to move along the plane of contact
• intransitive verb
  • 1. to cut through something with or as if with a sharp instrument
  • 2. chiefly Scottish to reap crops with a sickle
  • 3. to become divided under the action of a shear <the bolt may shear off>
• ? shearer noun

II. noun

• Date: before 12th century
• 1.
  • a.
    • (1) a cutting implement similar or identical to a pair of scissors but typically larger — usually used in plural
    • (2) one blade of a pair of shears
  • b. any of various cutting tools or machines operating by the action of opposed cutting edges of metal — usually used in plural
  • c.
    • (1) something resembling a shear or a pair of shears
    • (2) a hoisting apparatus consisting of two or sometimes more upright spars fastened together at their upper ends and having tackle for masting or dismasting ships or lifting heavy loads (as guns) — usually used in plural but sing. or plural in constr.
• 2. chiefly British the action or process or an instance of shearing — used in combination to indicate the approximate age of sheep in terms of shearings undergone
• 3.
  • a. internal force tangential to the section on which it acts — called also shearing force
  • b. an action or stress resulting from applied forces that causes or tends to cause two contiguous parts of a body to slide relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane of contact

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