Ruffle



GRE 蓝宝

解释

GRE 红宝书

• v. 弄皱, 激怒; n.皱边 ( 装饰衣服)
• ［英］ v. 弄皱, 激怒 ( to become uneven, wrinkled; to become disturbed, irritated) ;
• ［类］ ruffle : shirt / molding : cabinet ( 花边用来修饰衬衫 / 木线用来修饰柜子) 反义词: preen ( 赞扬)

Webster Collegiate

I. verb (ruffled; ruffling)

• Etymology: Middle English ruffelen; akin to Low German ruffelen to crumple
• Date: 14th century
• transitive verb
  • 1.
    • a. roughen, abrade
    • b. trouble, vex <is not ruffled by such barbs — Bruce Anderson>
  • 2. to erect (as feathers) in or like a ruff
  • 3.
    • a. to flip through (as pages)
    • b. shuffle
  • 4. to make into a ruffle
• intransitive verb
  • to become ruffled <their dispositions ruffle perceptibly — Life>

II. noun

• Date: 1534
• 1. commotion, brawl
• 2. a state or cause of irritation
• 3.
  • a. a strip of fabric gathered or pleated on one edge
  • b. ruff II,2
• 4. an unevenness or disturbance of surface ; ripple
• ? ruffly adjective

III. noun

• Etymology: ruff a drumbeat
• Date: circa 1802
• a low vibrating drumbeat less loud than a roll

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