Gall



GRE 蓝宝 Barron

解释

GRE 红宝书

• n. 胆汁; 怨恨
• ［英］ n. 胆汁 ( bile) ; 怨恨 ( hatred, bitter feeling; rancor)
• ［例］ as bitter as gall ( 味道如胆汁)

Webster Collegiate

I. noun

• Etymology: Middle English, from Old English gealla; akin to Greek cholē, cholos gall, wrath, Old English geolu yellow — more at yellow
• Date: before 12th century
• 1.
  • a. bile; especially bile obtained from an animal and used in the arts or medicine
  • b. something bitter to endure
  • c. bitterness of spirit ; rancor
• 2. brazen boldness coupled with impudent assurance and insolence
• Synonyms: see temerity

II. noun

• Etymology: Middle English galle, from Old English gealla, from Latin galla gallnut
• Date: before 12th century
• 1.
  • a. a skin sore caused by chronic irritation
  • b. a cause or state of exasperation
• 2. archaic flaw

III. verb

• Date: 14th century
• transitive verb
  • 1. to fret and wear away by friction ; chafe <the loose saddle galled the horse's back><the galling of a metal bearing>
  • 2. irritate, vex <sarcasm galls her>
• intransitive verb
  • 1. to become sore or worn by rubbing
  • 2. seize 2

IV. noun

• Etymology: Middle English galle, from Anglo-French, from Latin galla
• Date: 14th century
• an abnormal outgrowth of plant tissue usually due to insect or mite parasites or fungi and sometimes forming an important source of tannin — see gall wasp illustration

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