Defile



GRE 蓝宝 Barron

解释

GRE 红宝书

• v. 弄污, 弄脏; n. ( 山间) 小道
• ［英］ v. 弄污, 弄脏 ( to make filthy or dirty; pollute) ; n. ( 山间) 小道 ( any narrow valley or mountain pass)
• ［记］ de+file ( =vile卑鄙的) -> 使...卑下 -> 弄污

Webster Collegiate

I. transitive verb (defiled; defiling)

• Etymology: Middle English, alteration (influenced by filen to defile, from Old English fy?lan) of defoilen to trample, defile, from Anglo-French defoiller, defuler, to trample, from de- + fuller, foller to trample, literally, to full — more at full
• Date: 14th century
• to make unclean or impure: as
  • a. to corrupt the purity or perfection of ; debase <the countryside defiled by billboards>
  • b. to violate the chastity of ; deflower
  • c. to make physically unclean especially with something unpleasant or contaminating <boots defiled with blood>
  • d. to violate the sanctity of ; desecrate <defile a sanctuary>
  • e. sully, dishonor
• Synonyms: see contaminate
• ? defilement noun
• ? defiler noun

II. noun

• Etymology: French défilé, from past participle of défiler
• Date: 1685
• a narrow passage or gorge

III. intransitive verb (defiled; defiling)

• Etymology: French défiler, from dé- de- + filer to move in a column — more at file
• Date: 1705
• to march off in a line

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